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#+PROPERTY: tangle init2.el
#+STARTUP: content
#+OPTIONS: author:nil num:nil toc:nil
#+MACRO: key @@html:<kbd>$1</kbd>@@@@ascii:`$1'@@
#+HTML_HEAD: <link href="https://ryuslash.org/org.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
* Introduction
Inspired by [[Other such projects][other such projects]], here is my Emacs initialization
file.
*Note:* This is not my entire Emacs initialization file. It's a
work-in-progress.
** Setup
I could use org-babel to load this file, but I don't like my
initialization file having too many dependencies, especially big
dependencies, and org is big. It may be strange for you to read
this, as I have placed my entire Emacs configuration in an org-mode
file, but here are the make targets I use to tangle and
subsequently byte-compile my init file:
#+BEGIN_SRC makefile :tangle no
%.elc: %.el
emacs -Q -batch -eval "(byte-compile-file \"$<\")"
init.el: init.org
emacs -Q -batch -l "ob-tangle" -eval "(org-babel-tangle-file \"init.org\")
#+END_SRC
Executing the second target (either through make, or manually) will
get you my Emacs initialization file in plain Emacs Lisp.
*Note:* If you look at this file in its source form you will notice
that I actually tangle ~init.org~ into ~init2.el~. This is a temporary
measure so that I can gradually move my configuration from my
existing ~init.el~ file into ~init.org~ without much trouble. Once I
have emptied out my ~init.el~ I will instruct babel to tangle into
~init.el~, this code already reflects that.
** The ~oni:~ prefix
To keep my functions and variables from ever accidentally
interfering with other packages or Emacs internal variables I
prefix all the functions I write and variables I declare with ~oni:~.
You don't have to copy it if you copy anything from this file, as
long as you do it consistently.
I sometimes forget to do this, though.
** The ~depends-on~ snippets
At certain points in this document you will find bits of code that
look like:
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(depends-on "somepackage")
#+END_SRC
These calls are from the Cask DSL. They specify that my
configuration depends on some package found in one of the ELPA
repositories I have setup.
These snippets don't belong in your =init.el=, but instead in a
separate =Cask= file, and only if you use Cask, not if you just use
the standard ~package.el~.
** Other such projects
As stated, this project is inspired and influenced by other
literate configurations. Here is a list of some of the ones I've
found:
- [[http://sachac.github.io/.emacs.d/Sacha.html][Sacha Chua]]
- [[http://www.wisdomandwonder.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/C3F.html][Grant Rettke]]
- [[https://github.com/wasamasa/dotemacs][Vasilij Schneidermann]]
* Preparation
Some things have to be done to make sure that everything works as it
should. This includes enabling lexical binding, loading Cask and
keeping some comments.
** Use lexical binding
For some of my functions, and general coolness, lexical binding is
a must. Without it, closures don't work for example. This line
needs to appear at the beginning of the file to work.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :padline no
;; -*- lexical-binding: t -*-
#+END_SRC
** Keep package.el from changing my init
Some time ago my init file was changed by Emacs. It added a single
line of code and some explanatory comments. Apparently I need to
keep this comment in my initialization file so that Emacs doesn't
try to add the code again. I actually use [[http://cask.readthedocs.org/en/latest/][Cask]] to manage and load
my packages so I don't need this.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
;; (package-initialize)
#+END_SRC
** Load Cask
I use Cask to manage my installed packages and for that to work I
need to load Cask at the start of the initialization file. This
should be executed both when byte-compiling and loading at run-time
so that other bits and pieces can byte-compile without warnings or
errors.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(eval-and-compile
(require 'cask "~/projects/ext/cask/cask.el")
(cask-initialize))
#+END_SRC
** Some helper functions
Certain functions make life a lot easier when configuring Emacs.
These don't generally belong to any one specific customization, but
make things look a lot prettier.
*** Optimized ~with-eval-after-load~
First offered [[http://www.lunaryorn.com/2013/05/01/byte-compiling-eval-after-load.html][here]] and then later updated [[http://www.lunaryorn.com/2013/06/25/introducing-with-eval-after-load.html][here]] (when
~with-eval-after-load~ was added). Makes for very nice on-demand
settings loading.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
;; http://www.lunaryorn.com/2013/06/25/introducing-with-eval-after-load/
(defmacro stante-after (feature &rest forms)
"After FEATURE is loaded, evaluate FORMS.
FEATURE may be an unquoted feature symbol or a file name, see
`eval-after-load'."
(declare (indent 1) (debug t))
`(,(if (or (not byte-compile-current-file)
(if (symbolp feature)
(require feature nil :noerror)
(load feature :no-message :no-error)))
`progn
(message "stante-after: cannot find %s" feature)
'with-no-warnings)
(with-eval-after-load ',feature ,@forms)))
#+END_SRC
*** Turn off minor modes
This macro creates a function that will turn off a minor mode that
passed to it.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defmacro turn-off (func)
"Create a function that will turn off FUNC when called."
`(lambda () (eval (,func -1))))
#+END_SRC
*** Change settings
Sometimes a mode just needs to change a certain setting to a
specific value.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defmacro change-settings (&rest settings)
"Create a function that changes the value of NAME to VALUE."
`(lambda () (setq ,@settings)))
#+END_SRC
*** Eval after init
Some things can only really work after all other initialization
functions have completed. For example, any functions that require
any ELPA packages to be loaded, unless you want to load it in your
init manually (and have it loaded again later on after your config
has run).
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defmacro oni:eval-after-init (&rest body)
"Defer execution of BODY until after Emacs init."
(declare (indent 0))
`(add-hook 'emacs-startup-hook #'(lambda () ,@body)))
#+END_SRC
*** Whitespace only with tabs
In some modes I want to see the tabs in a buffer. Though I don't
want to be overwhelmed by seeing all spaces and line endings.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar whitespace-style)
(defun oni:whitespace-only-tabs ()
(setq-local whitespace-style '(face tabs))
(whitespace-mode))
#+END_SRC
** Useful functions
During your editing in Emacs you will undoubtedly find the need to
define your own editing functions or macros. Here are mine.
*** Delete the contents of the string at point
First we define the function. It was inspired by [[http://www.masteringemacs.org/][Mickey's post on
swapping quote symbols]], mostly copied even. First we check if we
are even in a string, and if not we throw an error, after that we
move back to the beginning of the string, store that point, go to
the end of the string (using =forward-sexp=) and then delete the
region between the two points (non-inclusive).
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun oni:delete-string-contents ()
(interactive)
(unless (nth 3 (syntax-ppss))
(error "You must be in a string for this command to work"))
(save-excursion
(while (nth 3 (syntax-ppss)) (forward-char -1))
(let ((bos (point)))
(forward-sexp)
(delete-region (1+ bos) (1- (point))))))
#+END_SRC
Since for interactive functions it's kind of a pain to have to use
a personal "namespace" I prefer naming them regularly as if they're
just part of the environment. If ever Emacs comes up with a similar
function with the same name, I'd prefer using the built-in version.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(unless (fboundp 'delete-string-contents)
(defalias 'delete-string-contents 'oni:delete-string-contents))
#+END_SRC
Lastly, any function worth using often should probably be easily
accessible with a keybinding. In my case the {{{key(C-c i s)}}} is
inspired by the Vim keybindings like {{{key(ci")}}}.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c i s") 'delete-string-contents)
#+END_SRC
* General customization
These customizations don't belong with any specific mode.
** Set some personal information
This information is used by some emacs commands and modules to make
your life easier.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq user-full-name "Tom Willemse"
user-mail-address "tom@ryuslash.org")
#+END_SRC
** Turn-off menu bar
The menu bar is one of the UI elements which work best with mouses.
Sure you can change your toolkit's key bindings to allow you to
more easily navigate, but {{{key(M-x)}}} or {{{key(M-`)}}}[fn:1]
are easier if you don't use the mouse. Long story short: It has got
to go.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(menu-bar-mode -1)
#+END_SRC
I also do this in my =.Xdefaults= file, as that is applied sooner:
#+BEGIN_SRC conf-xdefaults :tangle no
Emacs.menuBar: off
#+END_SRC
** Turn-off tool bar
The toolbar is another such thing, and it takes up quite a bit more
space too. Icons can look pretty cool, but in the end if you're not
going to click them they don't really server much of a purpose.
Again: It has got to go.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(tool-bar-mode -1)
#+END_SRC
I also do this in my =.Xdefaults= as those settings are applied
sooner.
#+BEGIN_SRC conf-xdefaults :tangle no
Emacs.toolBar: off
#+END_SRC
** Turn-off blinking cursor
I suppose a blinking cursor doesn't get lost very easily. But on
the other hand, it can induce quite a few more headaches.
I've noticed that I don't really lose my cursor position all that
much, really, so there doesn't seem to be any point in making it
blink. Here we go again: It has got to go.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(blink-cursor-mode -1)
#+END_SRC
I also do this in my =.Xdefaults=, as those settings are applied
sooner.
#+BEGIN_SRC conf-xdefaults :tangle no
Emacs.cursorBlink: off
#+END_SRC
** Turn-off line numbers
As I'm currently using svg-mode-line-themes[fn:2] for my ~mode-line~
I don't need to show these. Also I didn't really use them much, I
don't often need to know what line I'm on.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(line-number-mode -1)
#+END_SRC
** Turn-off tooltips
Tooltips are another one of those UI elements that aren't quite
keyboard-friendly. As usually this information is shown just as well
in the echo area, this is not necessary.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(tooltip-mode -1)
#+END_SRC
** Change cursor type
I prefer using a bar as a cursor, as opposed to a box. Using a bar
is a better way of representing the location of the cursor, in my
opinion.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq-default cursor-type 'bar)
#+END_SRC
I use a bar cursor that's already pretty thin, so having an even
thinner one in inactive windows is not very clear. Even when I was
using a box cursor I didn't like seeing a hollow box everywhere my
focus /wasn't/.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq-default cursor-in-non-selected-windows nil)
#+END_SRC
** Truncate long lines
Sometimes, very long lines can't help but show up in code. The
default of wrapping lines around to the next line and showing an
image in the fringe is very visually disturbing to me when looking
at code[fn:3]. So I prefer to have it just run off the screen.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq-default truncate-lines t)
#+END_SRC
** Change default frame settings
Usually, most of these settings would be done with functions like
=set-frame-font= or =scroll-bar-mode=, but working with the Emacs
Daemon sometimes creates extra complications, because you might
start a graphical environment at some point (I usually do
immediately), but the startup process isn't.
*** Use a fantastic font
I've tried several fonts, and all of them were nice, but came up
short on some way. Some didn't have italic variants, some had
dotted zeroes instead of dashed zeroes, some even had entirely
clear zeroes which make them look like ~O~'s, others had
boring-looking parentheses[fn:4]. Not Fantasque Sans
Mono[fn:5][fn:6], it is awesome. If your web browser supports web
fonts you should also see it used in the code blocks here.
For normal Emacs setups you might use the =set-frame-font= function
like so:
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(set-frame-font "Fantasque Sans Mono-15" nil t)
#+END_SRC
However, this doesn't work when running Emacs as a Daemon. You
could (especially with lexical binding) add an
=after-make-frame-functions= hook or something similar, but I find
it easier to just specify the font in the =default-frame-alist=.
#+NAME: default-frame-font
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(font . "Fantasque Sans Mono-15")
#+END_SRC
I also do this in my =.Xdefaults= as those settings are applied
sooner.
#+BEGIN_SRC conf-xdefaults :tangle no
Emacs.font: Fantasque Sans Mono-15
#+END_SRC
*** Hide the scroll bar
The scroll-bar is almost just as informative as the current line
number and buffer position information shown in the (my) mode
line. As I don't usually need to know where I am, other than the
current line number occasionally, and I don't use the mouse, the
scroll bar doesn't add anything and only takes up space. Once
more: It has got to go.
Normally you would use something along the lines of:
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(scroll-bar-mode -1)
#+END_SRC
However, this doesn't work when running Emacs as a Daemon. So
instead I specify it in the =default-frame-alist=.
#+NAME: default-frame-scroll-bar
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(vertical-scroll-bars . nil)
#+END_SRC
*** Bringing it all together
So I've explained the reasons for each individual setting, but to
get them to work they have to be put in the =default-frame-alist=.
Here is the final setting:
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :noweb yes
(setq default-frame-alist
`(<<default-frame-font>>
<<default-frame-scroll-bar>>))
#+END_SRC
** Set the frame title
Show the buffer name in the frame title to make multiple frames
identifiable by the buffer they're showing.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq frame-title-format '(:eval (concat "GNU Emacs: " (buffer-name))))
#+END_SRC
** Don't show dialog boxes
Unfortunately this doesn't remove /all/ dialog boxes, but at least it
keeps some of them from popping up. According to the docstring it
should only change anything for when the mouse is used, which I
don't ever do, but I still feel safer keeping this in my
configuration.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq use-dialog-box nil)
#+END_SRC
** Split windows equally
When splitting windows, give them all an equal amount of space. For
those very few time that I have more than two windows in my Emacs
frame it is much nicer to have each of them get ~33% space instead
of 50%, 25% and 25%. The way I have my desktop set-up I don't ever
split my windows horizontally.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq window-combination-resize t)
#+END_SRC
** Keep the cursor steady when scrolling
When scrolling through the buffer with, for example, {{{key(C-v)}}}
or {{{key(M-v)}}}, I find it much more intuitive to have the cursor
stay in the relative screen position from before. Otherwise I get
confused every time.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq scroll-preserve-screen-position t)
#+END_SRC
** Don't show a mode line for completions
One of the things I dislike about Emacs is its rigidity concerning
windows and other UI elements. One very simple way to make it
/feel/ less so is to show less of it where possible. A mode line for
completion buffers creates more separation than necessary, and I
can't recall a single time where I've used the completion's mode
line for anything.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'completion-list-mode-hook
(lambda () (setq mode-line-format nil)))
#+END_SRC
** Use pixels, not columns/rows to resize frames.
As of Emacs 24.4 frames can resize to pixel sizes instead of
columns and rows. This keeps annoying gaps from forming when using
a tiling window manager. The real difference is that when this is
done now, the actual text portions of the window get the extra
space, not some fringe or margin. This looks much nicer.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq frame-resize-pixelwise t)
#+END_SRC
** Don't just quit Emacs with {{{key(C-x C-c)}}} in the daemon
When working with Emacs as a daemon, which I do almost all of the
time, I prefer using {{{key(C-x C-c)}}} to close the current frame
instead of the entire session. Before this change I would
occasionally close my session by mistake.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun oni:close-client-window ()
"Close a client's frames."
(interactive)
(server-save-buffers-kill-terminal nil))
(when (daemonp)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x C-c") 'oni:close-client-window))
#+END_SRC
** Don't minimize the frame with {{{key(C-z)}}}
One of the more annoying things that can happen is accidentally
minimizing the frame you're working with. This doesn't really matter
if you're working on a normal stacking window manager, but with a
tiling window manager and no task bar this just causes the Emacs
frame to hang until it is refocused or disappear with no way to get
it back.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(when (or window-system (daemonp))
(global-unset-key (kbd "C-z")))
#+END_SRC
** Lazily load some buffers
Don't load all buffers right away. Having a lot of buffers and
switching between projects a lot can take up quite a bit of time.
*Note:* See my [[Vacuous defvar][note]] on vacuous defvar for this use of =defvar=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar desktop-restore-eager)
(setq desktop-restore-eager 5)
#+END_SRC
** Ask for a ~y~ or ~n~, not ~yes~ or ~no~.
Emacs starts out asking for you to type ~yes~ or ~no~ with most
important questions. It is possible that this is used for such
important questions where accidentally saying ~yes~ when you meant ~no~
would be catastrophic (or at least could be). However, I've never
(so far) had this problem, and I find it quite tedious to have to
write out ~yes~ or ~no~ and then press {{{key(RET)}}}, give me a simple
~y~ or ~n~ with no {{{key(RET)}}} required and I'm quite happy.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defalias 'yes-or-no-p 'y-or-n-p)
#+END_SRC
** Use =hippie-expand=, not =dabbrev-expand=
I've never actually used =dabbrev-expand=, and only rarely use
=hippie-expand= really, but since =hippie-expand= also includes a
=dabbrev= expander and a lot more than just that, it seems alright to
do this.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defalias 'dabbrev-expand 'hippie-expand)
#+END_SRC
** Setting up =load-path=
First, to help, I create a function that takes a path, adds it to
=load-path= and then checks to see if there is a file named
~loaddefs.el~ in the given path. If there is, it loads it. This
~loaddefs.el~ file is something that is created from autoload cookies
in the files in some of these paths.
Since the =load-path= is also important during byte-compilation, this
function should be defined both at run-time and compile-time.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(eval-and-compile
(defun oni:loadpath-add-and-autoload (path)
"Add PATH to `load-path' and load a `loaddefs.el' if it exists."
(add-to-list 'load-path path)
(let ((loaddefs (concat path "/loaddefs.el")))
(when (file-exists-p loaddefs)
(load loaddefs)))))
#+END_SRC
After that I add some directories to my =load-path= so I can use these
libraries when wanted. One of these is the ~site-lisp~ directory in my
~.emacs.d~ directory, which is where I keep most of my personal
non-ELPA modules (like module-specific initialization files). There
are also some directories I include in ~vendor-lisp~, which is where I
keep modules that I didn't write myself and, for some reason, can't
or don't want to use ELPA for. Again it is important to realize that
this information is relevant both at run-time and compile-time, so
we wrap it with an =eval-and-compile=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(eval-and-compile
(mapc #'oni:loadpath-add-and-autoload
'("~/.emacs.d/site-lisp"
"~/.emacs.d/vendor-lisp/mozrepl"
"~/.emacs.d/vendor-lisp/eap" "/usr/share/emacs/site-lisp"
"/usr/lib/node_modules/tern/emacs/"
"~/.emacs.d/vendor-lisp/habitrpg.el")))
#+END_SRC
** Turn off bidirectional text
To speed things up a little, and because I have no contacts at all
(so far) who use right-to-left text, there is no reason for me to
use bidirectional text. For this reason I tell Emacs to always use
left-to-right by default, instead of checking each paragraph.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq-default bidi-paragraph-direction 'left-to-right)
#+END_SRC
** Don't use tabs
There is a war going on out there. Actually there are several, but
the one I'm talking about here is the one about tabs vs. spaces. I
have been deeply entrenched in the spaces camp for quite a while.
Indentation always gets screwy for me if I don't use the exact same
=tab-width= everyone else uses. I just like the consistency of using
spaces.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq-default indent-tabs-mode nil)
#+END_SRC
** Use four spaces for indentation
I once, long ago, started out with using eight spaces for each
level of indentation. Although I think, technically, I was using
tabs. This means that even just 3 levels of indentation take up a
/huge/ amount of space that can't be used for anything else. Since I
also try to limit the length of the lines in my code, this can make
for very little code per line.
I also tried (and enjoyed) two spaces, but after a while, looking
at bigger files, I noticed that it all becomes a blur. Two spaces
is not a big-enough visual difference to make code read nicely, in
my opinion.
So far, I have quite enjoyed four spaces for most code[fn:8].
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq-default tab-width 4)
#+END_SRC
** Keep the message buffer from growing too large
Keep at most one-thousand messages in the ~*Messages*~ buffer. I can
leave my Emacs session running for quite long times, sometimes
days, at a time. If there are a lot of messages it can get a little
tricky to manage/search.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq message-log-max 1000)
#+END_SRC
** Reject SSL/TLS certificates that don't check out
You just can't trust the internet. And I'd prefer to know if
something goes wrong.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar gnutls-verify-error)
(setq gnutls-verify-error t)
#+END_SRC
** Use Conkeror to browse URLs
Use the generic browse-url function to open URLs in Conkeror.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(stante-after browse-url
(setq browse-url-browser-function 'browse-url-generic)
(setq browse-url-generic-program "conkeror"))
#+END_SRC
* Major mode customization
Many major modes offer and require some customization. I use the
term major mode somewhat loosely here because some of these
customizations don't actually deal with major modes, but full-on
applications or frameworks like Gnus and Elnode.
** Org mode
Org mode offers /a lot/ of customization options. Most of mine are in
a separate file.
Store org id locations in my Emacs data directory.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(use-package org-id
:defer t
:config
(setq org-id-locations-file
(concat user-emacs-directory "data/org-id-locations")))
#+END_SRC
*** Add org-mode appointments to the diary
Diary offers reminders, which can be useful when scheduling
appointments.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defadvice org-agenda-redo (after ext:org-agenda-redo-add-appts)
"Pressing `r' on the agenda will also add appointments."
(setq appt-time-msg-list nil)
(org-agenda-to-appt))
#+END_SRC
** Ansi term
I don't use ansi term much. Though I probably should do it more.
Eshell is much nicer for many reasons but it can't handle
everything.
*** Close ansi-term buffer after exit
After the ansi-term process ends it leaves a buffer. I don't use
ansi term in such a way that this has ever been useful, so just kill
the ansi-term buffer after the process quits, no matter the exit
status. Usually this comes about when I press {{{key(C-d)}}} at the
command prompt.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defadvice term-handle-exit (after oni:kill-buffer-after-exit activate)
"Kill the term buffer if the process finished."
(kill-buffer (current-buffer)))
#+END_SRC
*** Fix some term keybindings
=ansi-term= passes along a lot of characters correctly, but things
like =forward-delete-word= are not, by default. This is confusing when
you see one thing and another is sent. Passing the correct keys
directly to the terminal fixes this problem.
*Note:* See my [[Vacuous defvar][note]] on vacuous defvar for this use of =defvar=.
*Note:* See my [[Function declarations][note]] on function declarations about the use of
=declare-function=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar term-raw-map)
(declare-function term-send-raw-string "term")
(defun oni:set-term-keys ()
(cl-flet ((zcommand (key)
(lambda ()
(interactive) (term-send-raw-string key))))
(define-key term-raw-map
(kbd "C-<backspace>") (zcommand "\C-H"))))
(add-hook 'term-mode-hook #'oni:set-term-keys)
#+END_SRC
** Gnus
Gnus is a very powerful news reader that also handles Email quite
well. I've been using it for a while now, though not to its full
extent I'm sure. This section contains customization for multiple
major modes that are all closely related to Gnus.
*** Use the right dictionary
One of the caveats of using two (or more) languages in a single
installation of Gnus is that ispell sometimes gets confused. Having
come across a stackoverflow question[fn:7] about just this subject
it was easy to modify the source code posted there to come up with
this.
*Note:* See my [[Function declarations][note]] on function declarations about the use of
=declare-function=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(declare-function message-narrow-to-headers-or-head "message")
(declare-function message-fetch-field "message")
(defun oni:switch-ispell-dictionary ()
(save-excursion
(message-narrow-to-headers-or-head)
(when (string-match (rx (and "@" (or "aethon" "picturefix") ".nl>") eol)
(message-fetch-field "From"))
(ispell-change-dictionary "nl_NL"))))
(add-hook 'message-setup-hook 'oni:switch-ispell-dictionary)
#+END_SRC
*** Don't let shr use background color
Reading mail in Gnus is very nice, but shr has become a little too
good at its job. Add to this the many occasions when a background is
specified without specifying a foreground, plus a color theme that
is the inverse of what is usually expected, and you can get
hard-to-read HTML messages, gray foreground and gray background.
I've looked at the other possible renderers, but they don't look
very nice compared to shr. So just remove its ability to add
background colors.
*Note:* See my [[Function declarations][note]] on function declarations about the use of
=declare-function=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(declare-function shr-colorize-region "shr")
(defun oni:shr-colorize-remove-last-arg (args)
"If ARGS has more than 3 items, remove the last one."
(if (> (length args) 3)
(butlast args)
args))
(with-eval-after-load 'shr
(advice-add #'shr-colorize-region :filter-args
#'oni:shr-colorize-remove-last-arg))
#+END_SRC
*** Init file
I put my gnus initialization file right where I put all my
module-specific initialization files. Gnus is special, though: It
loads the file every time you start it. That keeps it from using a
simple =(eval-after-load 'gnus '(load "gnus-init"))=.
*Note:* See my [[Vacuous defvar][note]] on vacuous defvar for this use of =defvar=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar gnus-init-file)
(setq gnus-init-file "~/.emacs.d/site-lisp/gnus-init")
#+END_SRC
** SQL
This is a generic comint mode for multiple SQL implementations such
as PostgreSQL and MariaDB (MySQL).
*** Remember SQL input
Remembering input between sessions is a good thing.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(stante-after sql
(setf sql-input-ring-file-name
(expand-file-name "~/.emacs.d/etc/sqliinput")))
#+END_SRC
** Python
I used to code Python for a living, that's not so much the case
anymore. And for almost everything I will prefer Lisp over Python.
So these customizations might be a little old or badly tested.
*** Show package name instead of file name
When working with python, knowing which package I'm in usually tells
me more about what I'm doing than the file name, especially when
working with django where almost every app will have a ~tests.py~ and
a ~models.py~. Of course =uniquify= fixes this pretty well too, though
in this case, it's less cool (imo).
First we define two functions that help us determine the package
name of the current file and the parent package name of the current
file. Finally we define a third function which determines the full
package name of the current buffer.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun oni:python--get-current-module-name ()
"Get the name of the current python module.
This is very simply just the filename of the current buffer with
the extension and pyath removed."
(file-name-sans-extension
(file-name-nondirectory (buffer-file-name))))
(defun oni:python--get-parent-module-name (&optional dir)
"This gets the currend file's parent module.
This function recursively gathers the parent package name of
either DIR or the current buffer's file name. Any directory where
an `__init__.py' file is found is considered to be a package.
This function returns either the parent package, with its
parents, or nil if the current directory isn't a python
package.."
(let* ((base (directory-file-name
(file-name-directory (or dir (buffer-file-name)))))
(package (file-name-nondirectory base)))
(if (file-exists-p (concat base "/__init__.py"))
(let ((parent (oni:python--get-parent-module-name base)))
(if parent
(concat parent "." package)
package))
nil)))
(defun oni:python-package-name ()
(let ((current-module (oni:python--get-current-module-name)))
(if (file-exists-p "__init__.py")
(concat (oni:python--get-parent-module-name)
"." current-module)
current-module)))
#+END_SRC
After all this we make Emacs show the package name rather than the
file name in the mode-line.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun oni:python-package-buffer-identification ()
"Have `mode-line-buffer-identification' show the python package name."
(setq mode-line-buffer-identification
'(:eval (oni:python-package-name))))
(add-hook 'python-mode-hook #'oni:python-package-buffer-identification)
#+END_SRC
** Elnode
Elnode is an awesome project and I'm still looking for a moment
where I have the inspiration and time to actually do something with
it. I started at some point, but then I couldn't get the cookies to
work and I switched over to using Common Lisp, only to eventually
stop developing the project because there was not chance of it
seeing any use in the foreseeable future.
*** Don't start =elnode= when Emacs starts
There is one little annoyance and that is the fact that elnode
will start itself up when Emacs starts. I don't want that.
This bit of code can't be put in an =eval-after-load= or anything
like that because by the time it would be evaluated, elnode would
already have started.
*Note:* See my [[Vacuous defvar][note]] on vacuous defvar for this use of =defvar=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar elnode-do-init)
(setq elnode-do-init nil)
#+END_SRC
** js2
=js2-mode= isn't just an "improved" JavaScript mode, it's a full-on
JavaScript parser. It's easy to notice typo's and such when Emacs
can show you that a certain variable is or isn't declared. It does
come with some baggage, as it's not immediately clear how I can
specify which global names exist. For simple files it is fine to do
something like:
#+BEGIN_SRC js2 :tangle no
/*global $ Routes jQuery */
#+END_SRC
Which will tell =js2-mode= that =$=, =Routes= and =jQuery= are known to be
define elsewhere. This doesn't work well for big lists of globals.
*** Add some known symbols for .conkerorrc/init.js to js2-mode
Conkeror has a lot of functions, and I don't like seeing them all as
unknowns. So add them to known symbols.
*Note:* See my [[Vacuous defvar][note]] on vacuous defvar for this use of =defvar=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar js2-additional-externs)
(defun oni:js2-add-conkeror-symbols ()
"Add known/used conkeror symbols to additional externs."
(when (string-suffix-p ".conkerorrc/init.js" (buffer-file-name))
(setq js2-additional-externs
'( ;; Functions
"add_hook" "check_buffer" "co_return" "content_buffer"
"define_browser_object_class" "define_key" "define_webjump"
"dumpln" "get_current_profile" "get_home_directory"
"get_recent_conkeror_window"
"hints_minibuffer_annotation_mode" "interactive" "load_spec"
"load_spec_uri_string" "load_url_in_new_buffer" "make_file"
"make_uri" "mode_line_adder"
"open_download_buffer_automatically" "prefix_completer"
"read_browser_object" "register_user_stylesheet"
"remove_hook" "require" "send_http_request" "session_pref"
"shell_command_blind" "theme_load"
;; Variables
"Cc" "Ci" "browser_object_history_url" "browser_object_links"
"buffer_count_widget" "buffer_icon_widget" "content_buffer"
"content_buffer_form_keymap" "content_buffer_normal_keymap"
"content_buffer_text_keymap" "content_policy_accept"
"content_policy_bytype" "content_policy_reject" "cwd"
"default_base_keymap" "default_global_keymap"
"downloads_status_widget" "external_content_handlers"
"hint_digits" "load_paths" "read_buffer_show_icons"
"read_url_handler_list" "session_auto_save_auto_load"
"theme_load_paths" "title_format_fn" "url_remoting_fn"
;; Keyword argument
"$alternative" "$browser_object" "$completer" "$completions"
"$initial_value" "$options" "$prompt" "$sort_order"
"$use_bookmarks" "$use_history" "$use_webjumps"))))
(add-hook 'js2-init-hook #'oni:js2-add-conkeror-symbols)
#+END_SRC
** Eww
I've been excited about the "Emacs Web Wowser" since I first read
about it on the mailing list. Previously I'd used some integration
with w3 which was ok, but it certainly didn't match up to a
fully-integrated Emacs application.
This application uses =shr= just like Gnus, so there is some overlap
here with reading Emails.
*** Teach eww about <code> tags
Strangely enough, ~eww~ doesn't seem to be aware of =<code>= HTML tags.
Luckily it's trivial to teach it. It does know about =<pre>= HTML
tags, and basically I just want =<code>= tags to be treated almost as
=<pre>= tags, so to do that we just have to define a =shr-tag-code=
function. I've copied the =shr-tag-pre= function and removed the calls
to =ensure-newline=, because =<code>= tags are inline tags.
In order to remain a little future-proof, it should only be done if
it doesn't already exist.
*Note:* See my [[Vacuous defvar][note]] on vacuous defvar for this use of =defvar=.
*Note:* See my [[Function declarations][note]] on function declarations about the use of
=declare-function=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar shr-folding-mode)
(declare-function shr-indent "shr")
(declare-function shr-generic "shr")
(with-eval-after-load 'shr
(unless (fboundp 'shr-tag-code)
(defun shr-tag-code (cont)
(let ((shr-folding-mode 'none))
(shr-indent)
(shr-generic cont)))))
#+END_SRC
*** Setup eww-lnum
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(depends-on "eww-lnum")
#+END_SRC
As recommended in the [[https://github.com/m00natic/eww-lnum][README]], set the keys in the =eww-mode-map=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar eww-mode-map)
(with-eval-after-load 'eww
(define-key eww-mode-map "f" 'eww-lnum-follow)
(define-key eww-mode-map "F" 'eww-lnum-universal))
#+END_SRC
** Scheme
I really like programming in Lisp. One of the more comfortable
Lisps is Scheme because most of the implementations I've worked
with are more like other compiled or interpreted languages, whereas
Common Lisp usually re-compiles on every load. Aside from that,
there are some neat programs written in some scheme dialects and of
course scsh is the most awesome shell scripting language ever
conceived.
*** Use scheme-mode for scsh interpreted files
Set the major mode for files interpreted by scsh (for example, by
having ~#!/usr/local/bin/scsh~ at the top) to use =scheme-mode=.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-to-list 'interpreter-mode-alist '("scsh" . scheme-mode))
#+END_SRC
*** Set default scheme implementation
Set the default implementation for geiser to guile so it doesn't ask
which implementation to use every time.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(stante-after geiser-impl
(setq geiser-default-implementation 'guile))
#+END_SRC
** SCSS
SCSS is a CSS preprocessor that makes writing CSS files much more
fun. Add autocompletion and some custom imenu function.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'scss-mode-hook 'auto-complete-mode)
(add-hook 'scss-mode-hook 'scss-imenu-setup)
#+END_SRC
** Dired
Dired is an excellent file manager.
*** Change listings in dired
The number of bytes a file is doesn't usually tell me much when it's
something like ~292837~. I prefer seeing just how many Kb or Mb a
certain file is. I also don't need to see the ~.~ and ~..~ directories
when I insert directories into the current dired buffer, as there is
a great chance that the current and parent directory are already
shown in the buffer.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar dired-subdir-switches)
(with-eval-after-load 'dired
(setq dired-listing-switches "-alh"
dired-subdir-switches "-Alh"))
#+END_SRC
** PHP
I occasionally write PHP for work. Not usually in my free time, but
there are some open source PHP projects that I sometimes tinker
with.
*** Show tabs and spaces in indent
I'm working with some WordPress plugins nowadays and their style
guide insists on using tabs, not spaces... I'd like to know that
I'm following this rule.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'php-mode-hook #'oni:whitespace-only-tabs)
#+END_SRC
** Web
Web mode is good for files that contain a lot of HTML, CSS and
JavaScript together. Most other major modes or multi-major modes
don't quite do it.
*** Turn off the fill column indicator
~web-mode~ has some quirks, such as not being able to handle the
fact that ~fci-mode~ puts a red line at the 80-column margin. This is
annoying to say the least.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(declare-function fci-mode "fci-mode")
(add-hook 'web-mode-hook (turn-off fci-mode))
#+END_SRC
*** Show tabs in indentation
Just like in ~php-mode~ I want to see the tabs.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'web-mode-hook #'oni:whitespace-only-tabs)
#+END_SRC
*** Use tabs for indentation
Set =indent-tabs-mode= for ~web-mode~ as well.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar web-mode-code-indent-offset)
(defvar web-mode-markup-indent-offset)
(add-hook 'web-mode-hook
(change-settings indent-tabs-mode t
web-mode-code-indent-offset 4
web-mode-markup-indent-offset 4))
#+END_SRC
*** Use it for Embedded Ruby HTML files
Use it for ~.html.erb~ files.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(oni:eval-after-init
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.html\\.erb$" . web-mode)))
#+END_SRC
*** Use it for HTML-heavy PHP files
I have to work with a lot of PHP and HTML interspersed. This makes
a difficult case since ~php-mode~ very deliberately doesn't support
that very well. On the other hand I really don't like ~web-mode~ for
PHP /without/ any HTML in it. So I decided to name the files that
contain mostly HTML with some PHP ~.html.php~ and have them load
~web-mode~ instead of ~php-mode~, whilst keeping the association for
plain ~.php~ files as it is.
Something tricky about doing this is that if this setting gets
evaluated /before/ ~php-mode~ is loaded it'll be further down the list
from ~php-mode~'s definition. This would cause the ~php-mode~ auto
mode definition from being accepted first (since ~.html.php~ also
matches ~.php~) and consequently render this definition useless.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(oni:eval-after-init
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.html\\.php$" . web-mode)))
#+END_SRC
** PO mode
Autoload =po-mode=, because it didn't come with an autloads file or
cookie.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(autoload 'po-mode "po-mode" nil t)
#+END_SRC
Automatically enable =po-mode= for files that end in =.po= or that have
a =.po= extension followed by others (such as =.po.erb=).
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.po\\'\\|\\.po\\." . po-mode))
#+END_SRC
** Magit
Recently Magit gained the annoying habit of producing a /huge/ warning
message whenever you don't tell it that you've already seen it. To
tell it you've already seen the message you need to specify the
following.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(eval-and-compile
(defvar magit-last-seen-setup-instructions "1.4.0"))
#+END_SRC
I use a =defvar= here in order to keep the byte-compiler from
complaining about an undefined variable. It needs to be specified
before magit is loaded otherwise magit will keep complaining.
*** Project directory
I keep all my projects in =~/projects/=, so Magit shouldn't have to
look anywhere else.
#+NAME: magit-repo-dirs
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(setq magit-repository-directories '("~/projects/"))
#+END_SRC
*** Show fine differences
I like to see all the little differences in diffs that I can. They
really help reading diffs. I also just want to see them on all
diffs and not the selected one, which would make an unnecessary
amount of navigation required to properly read the diffs.
#+NAME: magit-diff-refine-hunk
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(setq magit-diff-refine-hunk 'all)
#+END_SRC
*** Delay setting
The settings in the previous sections should only be set after
Magit has loaded.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :noweb yes
(stante-after magit
<<magit-repo-dirs>>
<<magit-diff-refine-hunk>>)
#+END_SRC
** Lui
These settings will be tangled to =site-lisp/lui-init.el= and loaded
when lui.el is loaded.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(with-eval-after-load 'lui
(require 'lui-init))
#+END_SRC
** Circe
These settings will be tangled to =site-lisp/circe-init.el= and
loaded when Circe is loaded.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(with-eval-after-load 'circe
(require 'circe-init))
#+END_SRC
#+INCLUDE: init-circe.org :minlevel 3
** Twig
Since twig is essentially a HTML template language, many tags must
be edited. Tagedit is good for restructuring existing tag
structures and adding single tags, whereas emmet mode is good when
you know more about the HTML hierarchy you're going to add.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'twig-mode-hook 'tagedit-mode)
(add-hook 'twig-mode-hook 'emmet-mode)
#+END_SRC
Since Twig is a /template/ language, and thus not just HTML, electric
pairing is a blessing.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'twig-mode-hook 'electric-pair-local-mode)
#+END_SRC
Both HTML and Twig mode aren't traditional text modes, so
=auto-fill-mode= doesn't make sense.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'twig-mode-hook (turn-off auto-fill-mode))
#+END_SRC
** Ruby
Turn on =abbrev-mode= in Ruby buffers.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'ruby-mode-hook 'abbrev-mode)
#+END_SRC
Turn on [[Electric pair]] mode.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'ruby-mode-hook #'electric-pair-local-mode)
#+END_SRC
Turn on [[Electric indent]] mode.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'ruby-mode-hook #'electric-indent-local-mode)
#+END_SRC
Turn on [[Automatic syntax checking on-the-fly][Flycheck]] mode.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'ruby-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
#+END_SRC
Turn on Yard mode.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'ruby-mode-hook 'yard-mode)
#+END_SRC
Turn on [[Eldoc]] mode.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'ruby-mode-hook 'eldoc-mode)
#+END_SRC
Turn on Ruby tools mode.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'ruby-mode-hook 'ruby-tools-mode)
#+END_SRC
Turn on Ruby refactor mode.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'ruby-mode-hook 'ruby-refactor-mode-launch)
#+END_SRC
Turn on [[Robe]] mode.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'ruby-mode-hook 'robe-mode)
#+END_SRC
Set Fill Column Indicator column to the community Ruby Style Guide
recommended value.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'ruby-mode-hook 'oni:ruby-set-rsg-margin)
#+END_SRC
* Minor mode customization
Many minor modes also offer a bit of customization possibilities.
** Robe
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(depends-on "robe")
#+END_SRC
Robe is a Ruby completion and documentation lookup library.
** Eldoc
Seeing the arguments to a function whilst typing its name is
excellent.
*** Show eldoc when evaluating expressions
Thanks to [[http://endlessparentheses.com/sweet-new-features-in-24-4.html][this post]] it was brought to my attention that eldoc mode
can be enabled when evaluating expressions using {{{key(M-:)}}}.
I vaguely remember having had this before, I just don't know how or
why it stopped working.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'eval-expression-minibuffer-setup-hook #'eldoc-mode)
#+END_SRC
** Electric pair
Electric pairing of delimiters is one of those features that is
just so essential to my feeling comfortable with an editor. Most of
the time I don't even use it, really. It's just that I'm so used to
having it and when I /do/ expect it to be there it is so frustrating
when it's not, or when it doesn't work properly.
This functionality, much like [[Electric indent]] isn't something I
want enabled in all modes, though for different reasons, and for a
time there was only the global =electric-pair-mode=. Again I'm very
happy that a local version was added.
The reason that I don't want it enabled for all modes is that some
modes (mostly Lisp-like language modes) have better alternatives.
But most non-Lisp-like language modes I really do need to have it.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'c-mode-hook #'electric-pair-local-mode)
(add-hook 'coffee-mode-hook #'electric-pair-local-mode)
(add-hook 'css-mode-hook #'electric-pair-local-mode)
(add-hook 'haml-mode-hook #'electric-pair-local-mode)
(add-hook 'java-mode-hook #'electric-pair-local-mode)
(add-hook 'lua-mode-hook #'electric-pair-local-mode)
(add-hook 'python-mode-hook #'electric-pair-local-mode)
(add-hook 'scss-mode-hook #'electric-pair-local-mode)
(add-hook 'sh-mode-hook #'electric-pair-local-mode)
#+END_SRC
*** Remove whitespace when closing delimiters
In =electric-pair-mode=, skip over and delete white space if it stands
between the cursor and the closing delimiter.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq electric-pair-skip-whitespace 'chomp)
#+END_SRC
** Electric indent
Automatically indenting code upon typing certain characters can be
very useful for certain modes where the indentation level can
easily be determined. One of the first things I liked about Emacs
was the way the {{{key(TAB)}}} key worked: It indents to the
"proper" level of indentation, instead of adding a tab character.
It quickly grew into a habit to press tab several times when
editing a line or a block of code. Electric indent is just an
extension of this that, for the most part, allows me to forget
about pressing tab.
It doesn't fit all modes though. When I worked in Python a lot I
was fighting the electric indent a lot more than it was helping me.
This is because instead of scope influencing indentation as in most
languages I've worked with, indentation determines scope in Python,
as anyone who's looked at it for more than a minute or two will
know. This means that any line can usually have several "proper"
indentation levels, depending on the meaning of meaning of that
line.
So, almost all modes use =electric-indent-local-mode=, but a few
don't. So I'm also very happy that recently this mode was added,
because =electric-indent-mode= is a global minor mode and I only want
to use it in some 99% of the available modes.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'css-mode-hook #'electric-indent-local-mode)
(add-hook 'php-mode-hook #'electric-indent-local-mode)
(add-hook 'scss-mode-hook #'electric-indent-local-mode)
(add-hook 'sh-mode-hook #'electric-indent-local-mode)
#+END_SRC
*** Switch keys back
When =electric-indent-mode= is enabled the default function bound to
{{{key(C-j)}}} (=electric-newline-and-maybe-indent=) stops indenting
after adding a newline, whilst {{{key(RET)}}} starts doing it.
Since I use {{{key(C-j)}}} almost exclusively and don't use
{{{key(RET)}}} at all, it's really not useful to me. So I want to
switch the two when =electric-indent-mode= is enabled.
This is very simple. First I define a simple function that checks
if the =electric-indent-mode= variable is set (which it should be if
the mode is turned on) and if so I set the proper keys /locally/. If
=electric-indent-mode= is /not/ set, which happens when the mode is
turned off, I remove the local keybindings.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun oni:switch-newline-keys ()
"Switch the `C-j' and `RET' keys in the local buffer."
(if electric-indent-mode
(progn
(local-set-key (kbd "C-j") 'newline)
(local-set-key (kbd "RET") 'electric-newline-and-maybe-indent))
(local-unset-key (kbd "C-j"))
(local-unset-key (kbd "RET"))))
#+END_SRC
And then I add it to the electric indent mode's hook.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'electric-indent-local-mode-hook #'oni:switch-newline-keys)
#+END_SRC
** Auto completion
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(depends-on "auto-complete")
#+END_SRC
I'm not a great fan of any type of auto completion functionality in
programming. I think it's basically only good for getting really
long names in your file faster. I started programming in C#, in
Visual Studio, and they have their very powerful Intellisense
mechanism, which I used a lot. What I noticed though was that it
was keeping me from learning the APIs. Whenever I wrote some code,
all but the most basic and most-used calls I wrote from memory.
Many others were done after a few seconds of browsing through the
Intellisense pop-up.
Because of this, I disable the normal auto-complete pop-up.
#+NAME: auto-complete-dont-show
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(setq ac-auto-show-menu nil)
#+END_SRC
On the rare occasion that I do call up the pop-up to see what the
completions I have available to me are, I don't want it to show the
quick help. The quick help usually shows up as a big extra pop-up
next to the completion list and it gets very messy when combined
with some other modes that add overlays to the buffer.
#+NAME: auto-complete-no-quickhelp
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(setq ac-use-quick-help nil)
#+END_SRC
To keep the byte-compiler from complaining about undefined
variables, I only want this to be done after =auto-complete= is
loaded, not sooner.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :noweb yes
(stante-after auto-complete
<<auto-complete-dont-show>>
<<auto-complete-no-quickhelp>>)
#+END_SRC
** Highlight indentation
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(depends-on "hl-indent")
#+END_SRC
Some languages base their ideas of scope on levels of indentation.
When these languages get long functions/branches it can get tricky
to see where these blocks end. Of course if you have such large
functions you might have other problems, but this is sometimes out
of your hands. To help, I use =hl-indent-mode=.
For other languages it might look fun for a little while as well,
but since they don't care about indentation as much it can
sometimes get messy.
First, =hl-indent-mode= doesn't have an =;;;###autoload= cookie for its
main entry-point, so I add it manually:
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(autoload 'hl-indent-mode "hl-indent" nil t)
#+END_SRC
Then I enable it for the languages I want.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'python-mode-hook #'hl-indent-mode)
(add-hook 'yaml-mode-hook #'hl-indent-mode)
(add-hook 'haml-mode-hook #'hl-indent-mode)
#+END_SRC
** Django helper
:PROPERTIES:
:ORDERED: t
:END:
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(depends-on "pony-mode")
#+END_SRC
Autoload =pony-mode= because it doesn't come with an autoload cookie.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(autoload 'pony-mode "pony-mode" nil t)
#+END_SRC
Turn on =compilation-shell-minor-mode= when =pony-mode= is enabled.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun oni:turn-on-compilation-shell-for-pony ()
"Turn on option `compilation-shell-minor-mode' for `pony-minor-mode'."
(add-hook 'pony-minor-mode-hook 'compilation-shell-minor-mode nil t))
(add-hook 'comint-mode-hook #'oni:turn-on-compilation-shell-for-pony)
#+END_SRC
** Automatic syntax checking on-the-fly
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(depends-on "flycheck")
(depends-on "flycheck-cask")
(depends-on "flycheck-commit-check" :git "git://github.com/ryuslash/flycheck-commit-check.git")
#+END_SRC
Flycheck provides awesome syntax checkers for many languages.
Enable it for the languages I use.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'haml-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
(add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
(add-hook 'git-commit-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
(add-hook 'go-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
(add-hook 'html-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
(add-hook 'lua-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
(add-hook 'perl-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
(add-hook 'php-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
(add-hook 'python-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
(add-hook 'rst-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
(add-hook 'rust-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
(add-hook 'sh-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
(add-hook 'texinfo-mode-hook 'flycheck-mode)
#+END_SRC
Whenever flycheck is started, try using it with Cask.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'flycheck-mode-hook 'flycheck-cask-setup)
#+END_SRC
Load my own git commit checker.
#+NAME: flycheck-commit-checker
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(require 'flycheck-commit-check)
#+END_SRC
Disable certain checkers.
#+NAME: flycheck-delete-checkers
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(mapc (lambda (c) (delq c flycheck-checkers))
'(python-pylint python-pyflakes))
#+END_SRC
Set the highlighting mode to columns so I can see (if possible)
where errors/warnings belong.
#+NAME: flycheck-columns
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(setq flycheck-highlighting-mode 'columns)
#+END_SRC
Try not to display the errors. A jumpy echo area makes me nervous
and {{{key(C-c ! l)}}} is a nicer way to look at it usually. It
still doesn't keep it from being displayed, only when nothing else
is displayed though.
#+NAME: flycheck-display
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(setq flycheck-display-errors-function (lambda (_) nil))
#+END_SRC
Do most of these things after flycheck is loaded.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :noweb yes
(stante-after flycheck
<<flycheck-commit-checker>>
<<flycheck-delete-checkers>>
<<flycheck-columns>>
<<flycheck-display>>)
#+END_SRC
** Show a “beacon” when cursor position changes
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp :tangle no
(depends-on "beacon")
#+END_SRC
=beacon-mode= is a new minor mode that shows a temporary gradient
whenever the cursor screen position changes in a (somewhat)
unpredictable way. For example, when you switch buffers, when the
window scrolls because you’ve reached the top of the window, etc.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(beacon-mode)
#+END_SRC
*** Don’t show a beacon everywhere
Beacon by default already doesn’t show in certain buffers with
certain major modes, currently only =magit-status-mode= disables the
beacon. I have some more that I’d like to add.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(stante-after beacon
(setq beacon-dont-blink-major-modes
(append beacon-dont-blink-major-modes
'(circe-channel-mode
circe-server-mode
magit-diff-mode
gnus-summary-mode
gnus-group-mode))))
#+END_SRC
*** Show a beacon when recentering
Somehow I always get confused when I recenter my screen, is it in
the center, top or bottom? Beacon disables itself for the
recentering command, and I want it enabled, even though this is
completely predictable.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(stante-after beacon
(setq beacon-dont-blink-commands
(delq 'recenter-top-bottom beacon-dont-blink-commands)))
#+END_SRC
** Hightlight numbers mode
I find this regular expression to work better at identifying
general numbers as the default one doesn't consider numbers
starting with a sign or a decimal point.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(stante-after highlight-numbers
(setq highlight-numbers-generic-regexp
"\\_<[-+]?[[:digit:]]+\\(?:\.[[:digit:]]+\\)?.*?\\_>"))
#+END_SRC
** Emmet mode
I'm one of the strange people who use {{{key(C-j)}}} instead of
{{{key(RET)}}} to insert a new line (and indent), so Emmet mode's
default binding of using {{{key(C-j)}}} to expand a line is very
disruptive to me.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(stante-after emmet-mode
(define-key emmet-mode-keymap (kbd "C-j") nil)
(define-key emmet-mode-keymap (kbd "RET") #'emmet-expand-line))
#+END_SRC
* Applications
Emacs has a number of packages that are basically applications
within Emacs. These are the ones I use or have used in the past, and
may again use in the future.
** Elfeed
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(use-package elfeed
:ensure t
:defer t)
#+END_SRC
* Final touches
These options and calls need to come last so they don't interfere
with the rest of the initialization process, or get interfered with.
** Load custom file
I don't really use the Emacs customization interface much, but I
have used it as a kind-of persistent datastore, specifically for
desktop-registry[fn:9]. I do very much like the idea of it, it's a
very cool thing to have. I also use ~custom.el~ for storing some
things that I really can't store in a public viewing location like
this file or the git repository it lives in.
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(setq custom-file "~/.emacs.d/custom.el")
(load custom-file)
#+END_SRC
* Notes
Here are some random or somewhat general notes about things you may
run into when looking through my Emacs init.
** Vacuous defvar
A =defvar= without a value like =(defvar some-variable)= tells the
byte-compiler that the variable will appear, but doesn't give it a
value. It should only count for the file where it is used and once
the file with the /actual/ =defvar= is loaded it will be populated with
its value, contrary to what would happen if you'd given it a value
before loading its original file.
** Function declarations
The function =declare-function= tells the byte-compiler where to find
a certain function. This keeps the byte-compiler from complaining
about certain functions possibly not being defined at run-time.
* Footnotes
[fn:1] This runs =tmm-menubar=, which lets you navigate the menubar in a
text-driven way. I don't ever use it because I know what all my
favorite functions are called, but it seems a great deal more
efficient than having to click on everything.
[fn:2] https://github.com/sabof/svg-mode-line-themes
[fn:3] It works fine for me with something like jabber chats and the
like.
[fn:4] I like to program in Lisp, parentheses are important to me!
Parentheses should be nice and round, not almost like bars!
[fn:5] https://github.com/belluzj/fantasque-sans
[fn:6] Used to be Cosmic Sans Neue Mono, the name changed because
people misread it as "Comic" (me included, which was the original
reason I checked it out, for laughs) and hate Comic Sans, and also
because there was already a Cosmic Sans font as well, which could
cause confusion.
[fn:7] http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22175214/automatically-switch-language-in-gnus-depending-on-recipient
[fn:8] I still use 2 spaces for some languages, like HTML.
[fn:9] http://code.ryuslash.org/desktop-registry/about/
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